GENDER EQUALITY AND SOCIAL INCLUSION IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EASTERN NIGER DELTA OF NIGERIA, 1960-2024
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The study examined the dynamics of gender equality and social inclusion in the sustainable development of the Eastern Niger Delta region of Niger from 1960-2024. From 1960 when Nigeria got her independence, the Eastern Niger Delta has experienced significant socio-economic development driven by the oil exploration environmental changes, urbanisation, and social change. In spite of the numerous natural resources and economic opportunities in the region, women, boys, girls, those with disabilities and other marginalised groups have been excluded as major stakeholders in decision making process in the region. The study adopted a qualitative approach and analysed the political, socio-economic and environmental factors that helped in gender relations and inclusion practices over the years. The findings revealed that government policies, international organisations’ frameworks and civil societies’ interventions have shaped the awareness and participation of women and vulnerable groups even though significant disparities remain in accessing the region’s resources, political representation, environmental justice, amenities distribution, poverty reduction and employment opportunities. The study argues that sustainable development cannot be achieved without addressing the systemic structure of gender inequalities and inclusive governance in the Eastern Niger Delta region. It also recommends strong institutions, gender responsive budgeting, participation, inclusion, development and community-based strategies to enhance equitable and tangible growth in the region.
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